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APA 7th ed. - Referencing Tool

Referencing - Journal Articles

Journal articles with One author

The following applies for both ejournals, and print journals.

  • - All volume and/or issue details are to be provided in the reference list as they appear in the publication. Journal article titles are in "sentence case". Only provide a volume number and issue number if there is one. Some journals will only have a volume number, some may have issue number only and some may have season or month listed, which ever is listed is used.
  • - The DOI must be included if available, whether using a printed (online) version or an online version.
  • - If the DOI is not available, use the website URL

Print journal

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Article title: Subtitle. Journal Title, Volume(issue), page range.

Ejournal

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Article title: Subtitle. Journal Title, Volume(issue), page range. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx OR URL of journal home page

In text example

 Reference list example

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 

(Jacka, 2011, pp. 4-5).

(Author Surname, Year)      OR
(Author Surname, Year, page number)
 

 In-text citation (paraphrasing multiple sources):   

(Jacka, 2011; MacPherson, 2014; Schor, 2012)
 
(First Author Surname, Year; Second Author Surname, Year; Third Author Surname, Year)
 
Note: Semicolons between authors/texts

 Include page numbers where possible. 

Print example:

Jacka, J. (2011). The human energy field. Australasian College of Nutritional & Environmental Medicine Journal, 30(3), 3-7

DOI example:

MacPherson, H. (2014). Acupuncture for depression: State of the evidence. Acupuncture in Medicine, 32(4), 304-305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/acupmed-2014-010614

 URL example:

Schor, J. (2012). Cinnamon and blood sugar: Are cinnamon's effects adequate to have a serious impact on blood sugar, or are we barking up the wrong tree?. Natural Medicine Journal, 4(12). http://naturalmedicinejournal.com
   

Journal articles with Two authors

The following applies for both ejournals, and print journals.

  • - All volume and or issue details are to be provided in the reference list as they appear in the publication. Journal article titles are in sentence case. You only give a volume number and issue number if there is one. Some journals will only have a volume number, some may have issue number only and some may have season or month listed, which ever is listed is used.
  • - The DOI must be included if available, whether using a printed (online) version or an online version.
  • - If the DOI is not available use the website URL

Print Journal

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Article title: Subtitle. Journal Title, Volume(issue), page range.

Ejournal
Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Article title: Subtitle. Journal Title, Volume(issue), page range. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx OR URL of journal home page

 

In text example

 Reference list example

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 

(Matthys & Funk, 2008, p.45)

'Matthys and Funk (2008, p. 45) found ….’

(Author Surname & Author Surname, Year, page number)
 

 

 Print example:

Matthys, H., & Funk, P. (2008). EPs 7630 improves acute bronchitic symptoms and shortens time to remission. Results of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Planta Medica. 74(6), 686-692.

  DOI example:

Huang, Y., & Furnham, A. (2013). Examining health beliefs, attitudes and behaviours relate to complementary and orthodox medicine use in Chinese population. Alternative & Integrative Medicine. 2(7), 135. http://doi.org.10.4172/2327-5162.1000135

  URL example:

Janz, S., & Adams, J. (2011). Acupuncture by another name: Dry needling in Australia. Australian Journal of Acupuncture & Chinese Medicine. 6(2), 3-11. http://www.ajacm.com.au/

Journal articles with Three to twenty authors

The following applies for both ejournals, and print journals.

  • - All volume and or issue details are to be provided in the reference list as they appear in the publication. Journal article titles are in sentence case. You only give a volume number and issue number if there is one. Some journals will only have a volume number, some may have issue number only and some may have season or month listed, which ever is listed is used.
  • - In the case of three to twenty authors, the in-text reference should list the name of the first author followed by 'et al. (meaning ‘and others’)
  • - All authors’ names are to be provided in the order in which they appear in the publication. Do not rearrange them alphabetically.
  • - Put a comma and an ampersand before the final author.
  • - The DOI must be included if available, whether using a printed (online) version or an online version.
  • - If the DOI is not available use the website URL

Print Journal

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Article title: Subtitle. Journal Title, Volume(issue), page range.

EJournal

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Article title: Subtitle. Journal Title, Volume(issue), page range. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx OR URL of journal home page

In text example

 Reference list example

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 

(Du et al., 2014, p. 362).
 

 Include page numbers where possible.

 Print example:

Hashmi, J., Baria, A., Baliki, M., Huang, L., Schnitzer, T., & Apkarian, A. (2012) Brain networks predicting placebo analgesia in a clinical trial for chronic back pain. Pain, 153(12), 2393-2402.

 DOI example:

Du, D., Yoshinaga, M., Sonoda, M., Kawakubo, K., & Uehara, Y. (2014). Blood pressure reduction by Japanese traditional Miso is associated with increased diuresis and natriuresis through dopamine system in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Clinical & Experimental Hypertension, 36(5), 359-366. http://doi.org.10.4172/2327-5162.1000135

 URL example:

Danno, K., Rerolle, F., de Sigalony, S., Colas, A., Terzan, L., & Bordet, M. (2014) Homeopathy, 103(3), 165-171. http://www.homeopathyjournal.net

Journal articles with more than Twenty authors

The following applies for both ejournals, and print journals.

  • - All volume and or issue details are to be provided in the reference list as they appear in the publication. Journal article titles are in sentence case. You only give a volume number and issue number if there is one. Some journals will only have a volume number, some may have issue number only and some may have season or month listed, which ever is listed is used.
  • - In the case of more than twenty authors, the in-text reference should list the name of the first author followed by 'et al. (meaning ‘and others’)
  • - If an article has more than twenty authors, list the names of the first nineteen authors followed by ... and then the last author's name in the reference entry.
  • - All authors’ names are to be provided in the order in which they appear in the publication. Do not rearrange them alphabetically.
  • - The DOI must be included if available, whether using a printed (online) version or an online version.
  • - If the DOI is not available use the website URL
Print Journal 
Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., ... Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Article title: Subtitle. Journal Title, Volume(issue), page range. 

EJournal

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., ... Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Article title: Subtitle. Journal Title, Volume(issue), page range. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx [if available] OR URL of journal home page 

In text example

 Reference list example

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 

(Bikdeli et al., 2020, p. 1004). 

(Author Surname et al., Year).      OR
(Author Surname et al., Year, page number).
     
 Include page numbers where possible.

DOI example:

Bikdeli, B., Madhavan, M. V., Gupta, A., Jimenez, D., Burton, J. R., Der Nigoghossian, C., Chuich, T., Nouri, S. N., Dreyfus, I., Driggin, E., Sethi, S., Sehgal, K., Chatterjee, S., Ageno, W., Madjid, M., Guo, Y., Tang, L. V., Hu, Y., Bertoletti, L., Giri, J., … Global COVID-19 Thrombosis Collaborative Group (2020). Pharmacological Agents Targeting Thromboinflammation in COVID-19: Review and Implications for Future Research. Thrombosis and haemostasis, 120(7), 1004–1024. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1713152

Secondary sources

The following applies for both ejournals, and print journals.

  • - There may be times when you wish to cite information that another author has cited, and you have not been able to find the original source. 
  • - As you have not read the original work, you will only include the source that you did read in your Reference List. 
  • - The in-text citation needs to include the author/s of the original research followed by the phrase "as cited in", before providing the citation of the text that was actually consulted.
  • - Use secondary references sparingly, e.g. when the original text is not accessible.

In text example

 Reference list example

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 

According to Lakatos (n.d., as cited in Gholson & Barker, 1985, p. 758), scientists justifiably continue . . . .

author of original work (year, as cited in author of the work actually consulted, year, page)

 

Print example:

Gholson, B., & Barker, P.Authors of secondary work (1985). Kuhn, Lakatos, and Laudan: Applications in the history of physics and psychology. American Psychologist, 40(6), 755-769.