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APA 7th ed. - Referencing Tool

Referencing - eBooks

Ebooks

  • - The reference list entry for an ebook should include the author, date, title and source (DOI or URL).
  • - The DOI must be included if available, whether using a printed (online) version or an online version.
  • - If the ebook is from an academic research database and has no DOI or stable URL, end the book reference after the publisher name. DO NOT include the name of the database in the reference. The reference in this case is the same as for a print book
  • - If an eBook without a DOI has a stable URL that will resolve for readers, include the URL in the reference. Do not include URLs from subscription-only databases (such as EBSCO or Proquest), as these are not usually stable URLs. 
  • - If accessed through an ebook reader, include the name of the ebook reader version ie. 'Kindle version' or 'Kobo version' in square brackets immediately following the title. Also show the commercial URL of the ebook reader version as the source.

 Author

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Publisher. Website URL

 Editor

Editor Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Ed.). (Year). Book title: Subtitle [ebook reader version]. Publisher Commercial URL of ebook reader version supplier

 Author of Book With Multiple Editions

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle (edition). Publisher. Commercial URL of online supplier

In text example

 Reference list example
 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation):
 
(Micozzi, 2006) OR
(Micozzi, 2006, p. 37)
 
(Author Surname, Year) OR
(Author Surname, Year, page number)
     
 Please note that, when using APA referencing, it is recommended  to include page numbers where possible and relevant.
 
 

 Website

Smith, M., & Morton, D. (2020). The digestive system (2nd ed.) Churchill Livingstone. https://www.elsevier.com/books/the-digestivesystem/smith/978-0-7020-3367-4

 e-book (with DOI)

Shipster, W., & Reindersma, T. (2020). Agility in academia: The new normal? https://doi.org/10.1042/10452-000

 EBSCOHost Ebook Collection (No DOI)

Micozzi, M. S. (2006). Complementary and integrative medicine in cancer care and prevention. Springer Publishing Company. 

 eReader

Short, M. A. (2020). Addiction in Australia: A study of multiple dependency [DX Reader version]. http://www.ebookstore.tandf.co.au/html/index.asp

eBooks with two authors or editors

  • - All authors or editors names are to be provided in the order in which they appear on the title page of the publication.
  • - For In-text references where the names are within brackets, insert an ampersand (‘&’) between the last two authors. When the names are part of the sentence, insert ‘and’ between the last two authors.
  • - If you are dealing with editors instead of authors, insert the editor's name in the reference list in the same place where the author's name would usually go, followed by "(Eds.)" without the quotation marks. The rest of the format would remain the same.
Author

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Publisher. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxx OR Stable URL

Editor

Editor Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Editor Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Eds.). (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Publisher. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxx OR Stable URL

In text example

 Reference list example

In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation):

Naidoo and Wills (2009, p. 245) stated...

OR

(Naidoo & Wills, 2009, p. 245).

 

References:

Naidoo, J., & Wills, J. (2009). Foundations for health promotion. Elsevier Health Sciences. 

 

eBooks with Three to Twenty authors or editors

  • - In the case of three or more authors, the in-text reference should list the name of the first author followed by 'et al. (meaning ‘and others’).'
  • - All authors or editors names are to be provided in the order in which they appear on the title page of the publication.
  • - If you are dealing with editors rather than authors, insert the editor's name in place of an author's name in the reference list entry followed by '(Ed.)' without the quotation marks.

Authors

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Publisher. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxx OR Stable URL 

 

Editors

Editor Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Editor Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Eds.). (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Publisher.doi:xx.xxxxxxxxx OR Stable URL

 

In text example

 Reference list example

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 

Seidel et al. (2006, pp. 203-204) stated... OR

(Seidel et al., 2006, pp. 203-204)

 

Author Surname et al. (Year)  OR

(Author Surname et al., Year, page number)

 
 

 Ebook example with editors:

Henrotin, Y., Bennell, K., & Rannou, F. (Eds.). (2012). Nonpharmacological therapies in the management of osteoarthritis. Bentham Books. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com

eBooks with more than Twenty authors or editors

  • - In the case of twenty or more authors, the in-text reference should list the name of the first author followed by 'et al. (meaning ‘and others’).'
  • - Where a text has twenty or more authors, in the reference list, include the first nineteen names, then insert 3 spaced dots (spaced ellipsis points) and add the last author's name.
  • - If you are dealing with editors rather than authors, insert the editor's name in place of an author's name in the reference list entry followed by '(Ed.)' without the quotation marks.

Authors

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., ... Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Publisher. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxx OR Stable URL

In text example

 Reference list example

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 

Seidel et al. (2006, pp. 203-204) stated... OR

(Seidel et al., 2006, pp. 203-204)

 

Author Surname et al. (Year)  OR

(Author Surname et al., Year, page number)

 
 

 Ebook example with editors:

Bikdeli, B., Madhavan, M. V., Gupta, A., Jimenez, D., Burton, J. R., Der Nigoghossian, C., Chuich, T., Nouri, S. N., Dreyfus, I., Driggin, E., Sethi, S., Sehgal, K., Chatterjee, S., Ageno, W., Madjid, M., Guo, Y., Tang, L. V., Hu, Y., Bertoletti, L., Giri, J., … Global COVID-19 Thrombosis Collaborative Group (2020). Pharmacological Agents Targeting Thromboinflammation in COVID-19: Review and Implications for Future Research. Thrombosis and haemostasis, 120(7), 1004–1024. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1713152

Ebook chapter

  • - When a book contains chapters written by different authors, these authors are acknowledged at the beginnings of the chapters and/or in the table of contents. The author and title of the specific chapter you read must be included in the reference list entry.

  • - The author and title of the chapter should be listed at the start of the reference list entry. The reference for the entire book will follow beginning with the word "In" not including quotation marks

  • - The book of which the chapter is a part of does not need to be cited in the in-text reference.

  • - The authors of the chapter are written as 'Surname, A. A'.  The editors are written 'A. A. Surname'.

  • - If a chapter without a DOI has a stable URL that will resolve for readers, include the URL of the chapter in the reference.

 
Ebook
Author Surname [of Chapter or Article], First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Article or chapter title. In Editor First Initial. Second Initial. Surname (Ed.), Book title: Subtitle (pp. page range of article or chapter). Publisher. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxx OR Stable URL

In text example

 Reference list example

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 

Anti-inflammatory plant constituents have shown... (Polya et al., 2002, pp.1-5).

 

(Author Surname [of Chapter or Article], Year)    OR
(Author Surname [of Chapter or Article], Year, page number)
 

 Include page numbers where possible.

 Ebook example:

Thestrup, K. (2010). To transform, to communicate, to play—The experimenting community in action. In E. Hygum & P. M. Pedersen (Eds.), Early childhood education: Values and practices in Denmark. Hans Reitzels Forlag. https://earlychildhoodeducation.digi.hansreitzel.dk/?id=192

Page numbers may not be provided for some resources. In these instances:

References List

Cite the reference as an eBook as normal. 

In-Text Citation - Quoting Directly

When using direct quotation in your assessment, you would normally include page numbers. If page numbers are not provided:

  • - Include the paragraph number instead of the page number with the word "para." before it.

In-text Citation 

(Author Surname, Date, para. number)

  • - If there are headings, give the name of the heading, followed by the word "section" and the number of the paragraph within the section it is from.

In-text Citation with Heading

(Author Surname, Date, Heading, para. number)

  • - If there is only one paragraph, provide the author's last name and the year and omit the page number.

In text example

 Reference list example

In-text citation (direct quotation):

(Craft, 2019, para. 2)

In-text citation (with heading):

(Craft, 2019, Meiosis, para. 2)

 

References:

Craft, J., (2019). Understanding Pathophysiology, ANZ Edition, Third Edition. Elsevier Australia.