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APA 7th ed. - Referencing Tool

Referencing - Books

Books

  • - If you are dealing with an editor instead of an author, in the references list, insert the editor's name and initials in the place of the author's name followed by "(Ed.)" without the quotation marks. The rest of the format  remains the same.
  • - If you are dealing with a specific edition of a book, place the edition in brackets after the title i.e. Book title: Subtitle (3rd ed.).  It is not necessary to specify the first edition of a book.
  • - Only capitalise the first word of the title and subtitle (if any), and proper nouns.

Author

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Publisher.

Editor

Editor Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Ed. ). (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Publisher.

 Author of Book With Multiple Editions

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle (ed.). Publisher.

In text example

 Reference list example
 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 
 
(Author Surname, Year)  OR
(Author Surname, Year, page number)
 
(Hechtman, 2011)  OR
(Hechtman, 2011, p. 10)
 
 In-text citation (paraphrasing multiple sources):     
 
(First Author Surname, Year; Second Author Surname, Year & Third Author Surname, Year)
 
(Chan, 2007; Hechtman, 2011; Prosser, 2011)
 
Note: the semicolons between authors
 
 Use page numbers where possible.
 
 
 
 

 Author example:

Hechtman, L. (2011). Clinical naturopathic medicine. Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier.

 Editor example:

Prosser, I. P. (Ed.). (2011). Water: Science and solutions for Australia. CSIRO Publishing.
 
 Edition example:
 
Chan, L. M. (2007). Cataloging and classification: An introduction (3rd ed.). Scarecrow Press.
 
   

Two authors or editors

  • - All authors or editors names are to be provided in the order in which they appear on the title page of the publication.
  • - For in-text references where the names are within brackets, insert an ampersand (‘&’) between the two authors. When the names are part of the sentence, insert ‘and’ between the last two authors.
  • - If you are dealing with editors instead of authors, insert the editor's name in the reference list in the same place where the author's name would usually go, followed by '(Ed.)' without the quotation marks. The rest of the format would remain the same.

Author

            Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Publisher.

Editor

           Editor Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Editor Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Ed.). (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Publisher.

In text example

 Reference list example

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation):

Crosby and Salazar (2006, p. 41) suggested

OR 

... (Crosby & Salazar, 2006, pp. 34-37)

Author Surname and Author Surname (Year)  OR 
(Author Surname & Author Surname, Year, page number)
   
 Use page numbers where possible.
 Author example:
 
Crosby, R., & Salazar, L. (2006). Research methods in health promotion. Jossey-Bass.
 
 Editor example:
 
Maher, K., & Cooper, B. (Eds.). (2008). National standards of practice for case management. Case Management Society of Australia.
 
 

Three to twenty authors or editors

  • - In the case of three to twenty authors, the in-text reference should list the name of the first author followed by 'et al.' (meaning ‘and others’).
  • - All authors or editors names are to be provided in the order in which they appear on the title page of the publication.
  • - In text references when the names are within brackets, insert an ampersand (‘&’) between the last two authors. When the names are part of the sentence, insert ‘and’ between the last two authors.
  • - If you are dealing with editors rather than authors, insert the editor's name in place of an author's name in the reference list entry followed by '(Ed.)' without the quotation marks.

Authors

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Publisher.

Editors

Editor Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., & Editor Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Eds.). (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Publisher.​

In text example

 Reference list example

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 

            Seidel et al. (2006, pp. 203-204) stated... OR

(Seidel et al., 2006, pp. 203-204)
 
Author Surname et al. (Year)  OR
(Author Surname et al., Year, page number)
 
 Use page numbers where possible.

 Author example:

Seidel, M., Ball, J., Dains, J., & Benedict, G. (2006). Mosby’s guide to physical examination. Mosby Elsevier.

 Editors example:

Schleip, R., Findley, T., Chaitow, L., & Huijing, P. (Eds.). (2012). Fascia: The tensional network of the human body: the science and clinical applications in manual and movement therapy. Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier.

 

 

  • - Note: If you want to use two publications where the first authors are the same, then include up to the first different author.
    • - For example, in-text these 2 resources

Smith, Jones, Kelly, Reneman, Rochecouste, & Renwick (2015)

Smith, Jones, West, George, Roy, & Aidinlis (2015)

would look like: (Smith, Jones, Kelly et al., 2015), (Smith, Jones, West et al., 2015).

More than twenty authors or editors

  • - In the case of twenty or more authors, the in-text reference should list the name of the first author followed by 'et al. (meaning ‘and others’).'
  • - Where a text has twenty or more authors, in the reference list, include the first nineteen names, then insert 3 spaced dots (spaced ellipsis points) and add the last author's name.
  • - All authors or editors names are to be provided in the order in which they appear on the title page of the publication.
  • - In text references when the names are within brackets, insert an ampersand (‘&’) between the last two authors. When the names are part of the sentence, insert ‘and’ between the last two authors.
  • - If you are dealing with editors rather than authors, insert the editor's name in place of an author's name in the reference list entry followed by '(Ed.)' without the quotation marks.

Authors

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., ... Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Publisher.

 

In text example

 Reference list example

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 

            Seidel et al. (2006, pp. 203-204) stated... OR

(Seidel et al., 2006, pp. 203-204)
 
Author Surname et al. (Year)  OR
(Author Surname et al., Year, page number)
 
 Use page numbers where possible.

 Author example:

Leggat, I. K., Hutchings, D., Poliness, S., Nemeth, T., West, A., Ngo, A., . . . Mascilongo, J. (2009). How to maximise the use of libraries in educational institutions. Victoria University Press.

 

 

 

 

  • - Note: If you want to use two publications where the first authors are the same, then include up to the first different author.
    • - For example, in-text these 2 resources

Smith, Jones, Kelly, Reneman, Rochecouste, & Renwick (2015)

Smith, Jones, West, George, Roy, & Aidinlis (2015)

would look like: (Smith, Jones, Kelly et al., 2015), (Smith, Jones, West et al., 2015).

No author

  • - When a work has no author, cite the sponsoring organisation in place of the author. 
  • - If there is no sponsoring organisation, use the first few words of the title (or entire title if it is short) in the in-text citation, and the entire title in place of author in the reference list.
  • - When a work's author is designated as Anonymous, the in-text reference at the end of the sentences should be Anonymous followed by a comma and the date.
  • - When entering an In-text reference, use the first few words of the reference list entry, usually the title and the date of publication.

Example

Book title: Subtitle. (Year). Publisher.

In text example

 Reference list example
 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 
 
(British Herbal Pharmacopeia Part 1, 1976)  OR
(British Herbal Pharmacopeia Part 1, 1976, p. 70)
 
(Book title [usually shortened], Year)     OR
(Book title [usually shortened], Year, page number)
   
Use page numbers where possible.

 Example:

British herbal pharmacopeia Part 1. (1976). British Herbal Medicine Association.

 

 

Translation

  • - When a work has been translated from another language, your references must show that you are citing a translation, not the original work.
  • - The in-text reference should include the original author's name, the year of original publication and the year the translation you have read was published.
  • - In the reference list entry, following the title, add the name of the translator and 'Trans.' in brackets (not including quotation marks). Include the date of the original work in brackets following publication details.

Example

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year translation published). Book title: Subtitle (Translator First Initial. Second Initial. Surname, Trans.) Publisher. (Year originally published)

In text example

 Reference list example

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 

Zhang's work (1987/2002) demonstrated... (Year original work published / year translation published)

OR

Yet elsewhere, Zhang (1987/2002, p. 321) seemed to suggest... (Year original work published / year translation published, page number).

 OR

...(Zhang, 1987/2002, p. 321) 

(Author surname, year originally published / Year translation published, page number)

Please note that the first example refers to the overall idea of the work, so no page numbers are needed. 

 Example:

Zhang, D. (2002). Key concepts in Chinese philosophy (E. Ryden, Trans.). Foreign Language Press. (Original work published 1987)

 

Secondary sources

  • - There may be times when you wish to cite information that another author has cited, and you have not been able to find the original source. 
  • - As you have not read the original work, you will only include the source that you did read in your reference list. 
  • - The in-text citation needs to include the author/s of the original research followed by the phrase "as cited in", before providing the citation of the text that was actually consulted.
  • - Use secondary references sparingly, e.g., when the original text is not accessible
  • - The examples given below follow the format for a book with multiple editors.  If you are referencing an authored book, journal article or other source please follow appropriate examples previously given.

In text example

 Reference list example
 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 
 
(Jordan et al., 2010, as cited in Van Griensven et al., 2014, p. 210)
 
(Author Surname, Year Quoted, as cited in Author Surname [of the source you read], Year, page number)
 
 

 

 

 Only list the source you actually read:

Van Griensven, H., Strong, J., & Unruh, A. M. (Eds.). (2014). Pain: A textbook for health professionals. Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier.

 
 
 

 

 

Multiple, non-consecutive pages

  • - If you are citing information that is drawn from multiple, non-consecutive pages from the same text, list all the pagination separated by commas.

 

Example:

(Griggs, 1997, p. 145, 202, 209).

Book chapter

  • - When referencing a book containing chapters written by different authors, where these authors are acknowledged at the beginning of the chapters and/or in the table of contents, the author and title of the specific chapter read must be included in the reference list entry.

  • - The author and title of the chapter should be listed at the start of the reference list entry. The reference for the entire book will follow beginning with the word "In" not including quotation marks

  • - The book which the chapter is a part of does not need to be cited in the in-text reference.

  • - The authors of the chapter are written as 'Surname, A. A'.  The editors are written 'A. A. Surname'.

Book

Author Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Article or chapter title. In Editor First Initial. Second Initial. Surname (Ed.), Book title: Subtitle (pp. page range of article or chapter). Publisher.
 
 

In text example

 Reference list example

 In-text citation (paraphrase or direct quotation): 

Anti-inflammatory plant constituents have shown... (Polya et al., 2002, pp. 1-5).

(Author Surname [of Chapter or Article], Year)    OR

(Author Surname [of Chapter or Article], Year, page number)
 

 Use page numbers where possible.

 Book example:

Polya, G. M., Polya, Z., & Kweifio-Okai, G. (2002). Biochemical pharmacology of anti-inflammatory plant secondary metabolites. In D. K. Majumdar, J. N. Govil, & V. K. Singh, (Eds.), Series recent progressing medicinal plants, Vol 8 – Phytochemistry & pharmacology II (pp. 1-22). Stadium.

Citing Books - where to find the detail:

Look for the details in the front pages of the book. This is often referred to as the title page.

  • Publication date; if more than one is listed, use the latest one
  • Publisher: if more than one, list both, with a ' / ' in between
  • Title - if the cover title and title page are different, use the title page version